How crafts work
A craft (trade-up contract, trade-up) turns ten cheap skins into one more expensive skin. This page explains where the numbers on the site come from: the odds, the outcome float and why profit «on average» does not mean «for sure». The sliders can be moved. The second half of the page is about the site itself: where the price comes from, what the labels mean and when a number cannot be trusted. The history of contract rules is on a separate page. Want to try? Open “First craft in 5 minutes: one reliable craft, step by step.
1The contract: ten into one
The contract takes ten items of one rarity; they are called inputs. You get one item of the next rarity, the outcome. Items can come from different collections; the outcome always comes from the collection of one of the inputs.
You can't go above Covert with a regular contract. Covert only goes into the knife contract — see section five.
2Odds: a collection's share divided by the number of its skins
The game first picks a collection: the more of its items are in the contract, the higher its chance. Then the game picks a random skin of the next rarity within that collection. So the chance of a particular skin equals the collection's share, divided by the number of next-rarity skins in it.
In A the next rarity has three skins, in B — two.
Hence the main trick: a collection where the next rarity has few few skins and the outcome is expensive is worth more than a collection where there are many. A cheap filler collection fills the contract inexpensively, but takes part of the odds for itself.
3Float of the outcome is known in advance
Every skin has its own float range: one has 0.00–1.00, another, say, 0.06–0.80. So the input float is first converted into a normalized: it shows where the float sits inside its own range.
f′ = (float − min) / (max − min)
Then take the average f′ of all inputs. The outcome Float sits at the same point inside its range:
float outcome = min + (max − min) · average f′
So the outcome's wear is not random, the site knows it exactly. Every input shows a window, for example «buy 0.0700–0.0940». The lower edge of the window is the start of the input's wear. The upper edge is a limit: above it the average f′ goes past the needed wear. The narrower the window, the fewer fitting listings on the market and the more they cost. That is what the «share of fitting listings» shows.
4Money: «on average» and «chance of profit»
Steam takes 15% from each sale: if a lot is listed for P, the seller gets about P / 1.15. All returns on the site are already net of fees.
Average return — the sum of «chance × proceeds» over all outcomes. That's where the result converges over many repeats. A single attempt can give much more or much less. Chance of profit — the share of outcomes that pay for the input on their own.
How well the calculation matches live market listings, the site checks every night. The results are on the page “Model accuracy».
5Knife or gloves contract
Since October 2025, a contract can take five Covert and get a knife or gloves from the collection of one of the inputs. StatTrak™ Covert gives a StatTrak™ knife — there are no StatTrak™ gloves. The float rule is the same, only the average is over five. Knife crafts
Many knives cost more than the Steam price cap and aren't listed. The site counts such an outcome at the cheapest listing on CSFloat or Market.CSGO minus their fee and marks it “sell on…”. If there is no price there either, the site counts the outcome as zero. So the gain shown for knives can only be understated.
6Chains: several contracts in a row
A contract's outcome can go straight into the next one. The normalized float doesn't change on the way — that's why the whole chain has one average f′, and its outcomes are also known in advance. No fee is paid on intermediate items: nobody sells them.
The cost is volume: two steps need 100 items, three — 1000. Into a knife: 50 Classified or 500 Restricted. Chain builder calculates any.
7StatTrak™ and souvenirs
- StatTrak™ goes only with StatTrak™ and gives StatTrak™.
- Souvenir since May 2026 they can go in with regular items: the souvenir properties are removed, and a regular item comes out. You can't get a souvenir item from a contract.
Dates and exact wording of the rules, with links to Valve notes, are collected on the page «History».
8Where a price comes from — and when not to trust it
Every number on the site is calculated from prices of the Steam marketplace. The site collects them on a schedule and records, for every item, the cheapest listing, the median of sales and the number of sales per day. When the last collection ran is written in the header of every page: “prices updated” and the time in Moscow. If the prices are more than a day old, the line in the header turns yellow: the numbers on the site are then calculated from old prices.
- Buying is counted at the cheapest listing of the item. The wear value (float) is not taken into account: a listing with the needed float may cost more, see section 11. Assembly and float
- Selling is counted at the lower of two prices: the cheapest listing and the median of sales. This way the calculation does not include money that buyers never paid.
- One sale is not a price. If there are fewer than 3 sales per day, the median cannot be trusted. Then only the listing price is left, and the outcome says «by lot».
- No price — the site does not make one up. An outcome without a price is counted as zero, and the craft carries the «no outcome price» label. In that case the gain is understated.
«Average» and «By float» — a switch in the header of the calculation pages. «Average» shows the collected prices, as described above. «By float» shows the prices of market listings with the needed float from the nightly check. Only the best crafts are checked: for the rest the numbers stay at average prices, and the craft page says so.
The calculation is done in rubles. Another currency in the header is a conversion at the Steam rate; the price in your region may differ.
9Risk labels and what is hidden by default
The profit in the list is a calculation, the site does not guarantee it. Where the calculation rests on a weak spot, the craft gets a label. The heaviest label is shown on the card, the rest are under the counter next to it.
- profit on prices without sales. — the profit rests on outcomes counted at the listing price while there were fewer than 3 sales per day: nobody has bought at that price. The number «at least…» next to it is the profit if those items are not sold at all.
- profit only from resale. — in a chain the outcome itself is at zero or at a loss, and the profit comes from selling intermediate items. They can be sold in 7 days, while the replacement has to be bought right away.
- no outcome price. — the outcome costs more than the price cap of the Steam marketplace: it cannot be listed there, it is counted as zero, the gain is understated.
- marketplace price. — an outcome with no Steam price is counted from listings on another marketplace (CSFloat or Market.CSGO) minus its fee. It is sold there as well.
- outcome with no sales. One of the outcomes did not sell on Steam even once in a week. If it drops, it will not sell quickly at this price.
- sells slowly, rare inputs The next section is about them. Liquidity
- float cannot be reached. — there are enough listings on the market, but the needed wear value (float) cannot be reached with them.
- sale unreliable, price unreliable These are results of the nightly market check: outcomes got cheaper or are almost absent, or the first fitting listings differ in price several times over.
Hidden by default. The craft list opens without three kinds: «profit on prices without sales», «profit only from resale» and «outcome above the Steam cap». For knives and gloves the third kind is not hidden: almost all of them are like that. To bring them back, untick the checkbox in the filters, the «Risk» group. The other labels can be hidden there too. Crafts
What gets hidden is the craft in the list, not the label: on the craft page the warning always stays.
10Liquidity: will the drop actually sell
A price means little if nobody buys at it. The «Liquidity» column in the list table shows how many copies of the rarest outcome were sold on the Steam marketplace in a week. Where there is no week of data yet, it shows daily sales marked «/day». The list can be sorted by this number. Crafts by liquidity
- sells slowly. Outcomes that sell fewer than 21 times a week (3 a day) take up 25% of the probability or more. At the lowest price they won't be bought right away: you'll have to wait or go lower.
- rare inputs. The rarest input sells fewer than 20 times a day. Buying them up will take long, and the price will change meanwhile.
- A week of waiting. A contract outcome cannot be sold for 7 days, and the price moves in that time. On the craft page, under «More», there is a range from price history: the profit in a typical week and in a bad one — only one week in ten is worse. The list filters have the checkbox «only in profit even in a bad week».
11Can it be assembled: the float window and «assembly»
Float is an item's wear value, from 0 to 1. For the outcome to come out in the right wear, the float of the inputs must fall into a window. Every input shows it, for example «buy 0.0700–0.0940». Next to it, in brackets, is the share of listings of that wear that fall into the window. With «≈» it is an estimate, without it the share is counted from market listings.
The narrower the window, the costlier it is to assemble a contract: the calculation buys at the cheapest listing of the wear, while a listing with a fitting float usually costs more. So next to the profit, look at three more things.
- «assemble» on the card shows whether there are enough fitting listings. «easy»: enough for 5 contracts or more. «medium»: enough for fewer. «hard» or «won't work»: not enough for even one. «float cannot be reached» and «not enough listings» come from the nightly market check.
- «Check with float» — a checkbox in the list filters: order and numbers are counted at the price with a markup for the needed float. The craft page shows the same in the «If buying now» line. It is a check: market listings may have changed since the nightly check.
- No float picking. — crafts where any listing of the right wear fits: no window, nothing to hunt for. Crafts with no float picking
How to buy the inputs and check a listing's wear value is covered step by step on a separate page. First craft in 5 minutes
12Checks: the live market, the nightly check, real crafts
A calculation from collected prices is a snapshot: while you read, listings get bought and new ones appear. Check it against the market before buying. The craft page has a row of «Check» buttons for that.
- Floats on Steam. — live listings on the Steam marketplace with the needed wear value (float): whether there are enough for a contract and what it costs right now.
- Floats on CSFloat, Floats on Lis-Skins The same using listings of two other marketplaces. For Lis-Skins the marketplace's nightly file is used; the site does not check it live.
- Marketplace prices. — what the inputs cost to buy and what the outcomes bring on each marketplace.
Nightly check. After each recalculation the site itself checks the top of the list against live listings: the best regular crafts and the best knife crafts. A craft is confirmed if there were enough listings for a contract, the calculated float was reached and the profit at those listings is above zero. It is a snapshot taken at night: during the day the same craft may assemble better or worse. How many were confirmed each night is shown on the «Model accuracy» page. Model accuracy
Real crafts. What was put in, what dropped, what it sold for and what the site showed that day. Every craft goes into the journal, in profit or at a loss. Proven in practice
The site buys nothing for you and never asks for your account password: the checks only read public marketplace data.
13Other marketplaces: where to buy and how much you get
Besides Steam, the site collects the public price lists of four marketplaces: CSFloat, Market.CSGO, Lis-Skins and CS.Money. Here is what they are for.
- Buy inputs. The «Buy» button next to an input opens the marketplace search already narrowed to the right wear-value window (float). Items from a marketplace arrive by trade and can go into a contract only after 7 days.
- Selling the outcome. Money from a sale on Steam stays in the Steam wallet. On other marketplaces it is real money, but each has its own withdrawal terms, check them in your account there. «Net» shows what is left after the seller fee. Steam adds 15% on top of the seller's amount, the other marketplaces take the fee out of the price: CSFloat 2%, Market.CSGO 5%, CS.Money 5%.
- Buying only. On Lis-Skins items are sold to the marketplace itself, and the price it pays is unknown: the site does not count selling there.
- A marketplace price is not always usable. If there are fewer than 3 listings or the price is several times off from Steam, there is no price (it is not counted as zero). A price list shows neither the pattern nor the float: it is the price of the cheapest listing.
- Knives above the Steam cap are priced from CSFloat or Market.CSGO listings: the craft gets the «marketplace price» label, the outcome — «sell on…».
The same prices side by side are in the «Price table»: buy on one marketplace, sell on another, seller fee included. Knives and patterned items are marked there: the table shows the cheapest one, and some copies cost more. Price table
14The craft page: variants, similar crafts, favorites
- Craft variants One of this craft's collections paired with another collection, or the same collection at other rarity tiers. Click a variant and it opens as a separate craft.
- Similar Nearly identical crafts: a different wear of the cheap outcomes, a different tenth item or a different filler. In the list they take one row marked «+1 similar»; the rest can be seen on the craft page.
- More. — what happens in a week, what comes out if you repeat, and how to read the numbers; a regular craft also has matching with your own items and a third collection.
- History. — what this set cost and returned a week or a month ago.
- Compare. — mark several crafts on their pages and the site puts them side by side.
- Saved. The star next to a craft or an item. The list is kept in your browser, not on the server. If you clear the site data, the list is gone. Your phone will have its own list. No account is needed for it. Favorites
- Share a set — a button in the calculator: a link that opens the same items, their wear values (float) and the calculation. Calculator
- Detailed. — a switch in the header: shows at once everything hidden under the «i» icons and in «More».
15What is on which page
- Crafts— the main list. Above it are ready-made sets: «Reliable», «New», «No float picking» (any listing of the right wear fits), «One collection».
- Reliable— crafts where every outcome pays off.
- New— crafts that are in profit for the first time since the previous recalculation.
- Knives and gloves— contracts of five items of the top rarity.
- Chains— a builder: several contracts in a row, even from the lowest rarity up to a knife.
- Calculator: your own set. Pick the skins and the wear values, the calculation updates at once.
- Pretty floats: what to buy so that the outcome comes out with a given wear value.
- Interesting— crafts made for the most expensive outcome. On average they lose money, and the page says so plainly.
- Market: price history. Where prices are heading and how many of each item are sold.
- Price table— one item across marketplaces: where to buy and where to sell.
- Cases— containers: weapon cases, capsules and souvenir packages; the price and how it changed over a week and a month.
- Favorites— crafts and items marked with a star.
- From inventory: crafts where you already own some of the items. A link to a public Steam profile is enough, no Steam sign-in needed.
- Proven in practice— a journal of real crafts.
- Craft into a skin you want— a field on the home page and in the list filters: type a skin name and the site shows the crafts where it is among the outcomes, with the chance of getting it. Home
- First craft in 5 minutes— one inexpensive reliable craft and six steps from buying to the result.
- Model accuracy: what share of the best crafts was confirmed at night against live listings.
- Trade-up history— how the game rules changed, with links to the developer's notes.
The «i» icons on every page hold hints. In the settings (the gear in the header) you can change the language and the theme.
→First step
Start with crafts no float picking: any lot of the right wear fits there, nothing to pick. Open any of them — the site shows what to buy and what can drop. Before buying, press «Floats on Steam» in the «Check» row on the craft page: the profit is recalculated from real listings.
Crafts with no float picking First craft in 5 minutes To the home page